RESEARCH
National Center for Media Forensics
Research
The National Center for Media Forensics actively develops basic and applied research projects in areas affecting the analysis and recovery of forensic media. Areas include the enhancement and authentication of forensic audio and imagery as well as biometric comparisons and event analyses from forensic recordings.
PUBLISHED RESEARCH
Multimedia Stream Hashing: A Forensic Method for Content Verification by Gregory S. Wales, Jeff M. Smith, Douglas S. Lacey, and Catalin Grigoras. Journal of Forensic Sciences. 2022.
A Quantitative Analysis of Video Software Frame Extraction Methods for Use in Forensic Science by Gregory S. Wales, Christopher Lemon, Gregory Savage, Stephen Wells, and Jesus Valenzuela . American Academy of Forensic Sciences 74th Annual Scientific Meeting. 2022.
A Review of Axon Citizen from a Forensic Perspective as a Tool for Law Enforcement Investigations by Jesus Valenzuela, Gretchel Lomboy, Catalin Grigoras, and Jason Latham. American Academy of Forensic Sciences 74th Annual Scientific Meeting. 2022.
An Analysis of Audio Recordings Made using the Voice Recorder Application on Android Phones by Gina DeAngelis, Jeff M. Smith, Catalin Grigoras, and Marcus Rogers. American Academy of Forensic Sciences 73rd Annual Scientific Meeting. 2021.
A Forensic Analysis of Digital Speech Standard (DSS) Files by Catalin Grigoras, Cole Whitecotton, Jeff M. Smith, Douglas S. Lacey, Bruce E. Koenig, and James Zjalic. American Academy of Forensic Sciences 73rd Annual Scientific Meeting. 2021.
File Structure Analysis of Media Files Transmitted and Received Over WhatsApp by Henry L. Risemberg, Catalin Grigoras, and Jeff M. Smith. American Academy of Forensic Sciences 73rd Annual Scientific Meeting. 2021.
A Study of Video Conferencing Software from an Authentication Perspective by Cole Whitecotton, Gretchel Lomboy, and James Zjalic. American Academy of Forensic Sciences 73rd Annual Scientific Meeting. 2021.
A Proposed Framework for Digital Video Authentication by Gregory Wales, Catalin Grigoras, and Jeff M. Smith. American Academy of Forensic Sciences 72nd Annual Scientific Meeting. 2020.
An Updated Triage Approach for Voice Memos Recordings iOS 12.x by Cole Whitecotton. Audio Engineering Society International Conference on Audio Forensics. 2019.
Forensic Analysis of AAC Encoding on Apple iPhone Voice Memos Recordings by Catalin Grigoras and Jeff M. Smith. Audio Engineering Society International Conference on Audio Forensics. 2019.
iPhone Video Metadata: What Can it Teach Us About a Recordings History? by Cole Whitecotton and James Zjalic. American Academy of Forensic Sciences 70th Annual Scientific Meeting. 2018.
An Audio Enhancement Framework for Forensic Purposes by Catalin Grigoras, Jeff M. Smith, and James Zjalic. American Academy of Forensic Sciences 70th Annual Scientific Meeting. 2018.
Time Domain Analysis of Lossy Compression Decoding Artifacts by Catalin Grigoras and Jeff M. Smith. American Academy of Forensic Sciences 70th Annual Scientific Meeting. 2018.
Digital Image Recompression Analysis: Twitter by Gretchel Lomboy, Catalin Grigoras, and Jeff M. Smith. American Academy of Forensic Sciences 70th Annual Scientific Meeting. 2018.
Large Scale Test of Digital Audio File Structure and Format for Forensic Analysis by Catalin Grigoras and Jeff M. Smith. Audio Engineering Society International Conference on Audio Forensics. 2017.
A Low Cost, Cloud Based, Portable, Remote ENF System by James Zjalic, Catalin Grigoras, and Jeff M. Smith. Audio Engineering Society International Conference on Audio Forensics. 2017.
Triage Approach for the Forensic Analysis of Apple iOS Audio Files Recorded Using the "Voice Memos" App by Jeff M. Smith, Douglas Lacey, Bruce Koenig, and Catalin Grigoras. Audio Engineering Society International Conference on Audio Forensics. 2017.
Structure and Format Analysis of Lossy Compressed Audio Files by Catalin Grigoras and Jeff M. Smith. American Academy of Forensic Sciences 69th Annual Scientific Meeting. 2017.
An Analysis of Apple iOS Effects on Format and Metadata Structure of Audio Files Recorded Using the Native “Voice Memos” App by Jeff M. Smith, Douglas S. Lacey, Catalin Grigoras, and Bruce E. Koenig. American Academy of Forensic Sciences 69th Annual Scientific Meeting. 2017.
2016 INTERPOL 18th IFSMS Review Papers by Catalin Grigoras, Jeff M. Smith, and Andrzej Drygajlo. Interpol 18th International Forensic Science Managers Symposium. 2016.
Forensic Analysis of Digital Audio File Structures and Formats by Catalin Grigoras and Jeff M. Smith. American Academy of Forensic Sciences 68th Annual Scientific Meeting. 2016.
Proposed Analytical Framework for Electronically Frequency/Pitch Modified Voices by Eliud Bonilla, Catalin Grigoras, and Jeff M. Smith. American Academy of Forensic Sciences 68th Annual Scientific Meeting. 2016.
Source Identification of High-Definition Videos – A Forensic Analysis of Downloaders and YouTube Video Compression Using a Group of Action Cameras by Zac P. Giammarrusco, Catalin Grigoras, and Jeff M. Smith. American Academy of Forensic Sciences 68th Annual Scientific Meeting. 2016.
Quantization Level Analysis for Forensic Media Authentication by Catalin Grigoras and Jeff M. Smith. Audio Engineering Society 54th International Conference: Audio Forensics. 2014.
Forensic Audio Analysis Review 2010-2013 by Catalin Grigoras, Jeff M. Smith, Geoffrey Stewart Morrison, and Ewald Enzinger. Interpol 17th International Forensic Science Managers Symposium. 2013.
Digital Imaging: Enhancement and Authentication by Catalin Grigoras and Jeff M. Smith. In Encyclopedia of Forensic Sciences, edited by Jay A. Siegel and Pekka J. Saukko. Second Edition. Waltham: Academic Press. 2013.
Audio Enhancement and Authentication by Catalin Grigoras and Jeff M. Smith. In Encyclopedia of Forensic Sciences, edited by Jay A. Siegel and Pekka J. Saukko. Second Edition. Waltham: Academic Press. 2013.
Evaluation of the Average DC Offset Values for Nine Small Digital Audio Recorders by Bruce E. Koenig, Douglas S. Lacey, Catalin Grigoras, Suzana Galic Price, and Jeff M. Smith. Journal of the Audio Engineering Society, Volume 61, Issue 6. June 2013.
Analytical Framework for Digital Audio Authentication by Catalin Grigoras, Daniel Rappaport, and Jeff M. Smith. Audio Engineering Society 46th International Conference: Audio Forensics. 2012.
Advances in ENF Analysis for Digital Media Authentication by Catalin Grigoras and Jeff M. Smith. Audio Engineering Society 46th International Conference: Audio Forensics. 2012.
Evaluation of the Average DC Offset Values for Nine Small Digital Audio Recorders by Bruce E. Koenig, Douglas S. Lacey, Catalin Grigoras, Suzana Galic Price, and Jeff M. Smith. Audio Engineering Society 46th International Conference: Audio Forensics. 2012. <link in new tab to >
Advances in ENF Database Configuration for Forensic Authentication of Digital Media by Catalin Grigoras, Jeff M. Smith, and Christopher Jenkins. Audio Engineering Society 131st Convention. 2011.
Statistical Tools for Multimedia Forensics by Catalin Grigoras. Audio Engineering Society 39th International Conference: Audio Forensics. 2010.
Computer Forensics for the Forensic Audio Professional by Marcus K .Rogers and Jeff M. Smith. Audio Engineering Society 39th International Conference: Audio Forensics. 2010.
THESES FROM THE MEDIA FORENSICS GRADUATE PROGRAM
2022
Validation Testing of the Multimedia Created and Transmitted by the Axon Capture Mobile Application for Apple iOS by Jesus R. Valenzuela. Fall 2022.
Detecting Cloned Regions in Digital Images Before and After Facebook Recompression by Christopher Lemon. Spring 2022.
The Frequency Domain Analysis of MP3 Decoders by Gregory Savage. Spring 2022.
Lossy Compression Analysis of GoPro Audios Before and After YouTube Laundry by Stephen Wells. Spring 2022.
2021
Audio Streams in Snapchat Across Different Mobile Operating Systems by David Arias. Fall 2021.
Accuracy Comparisons of iPhone 12 Pro LiDAR Outputs by Robert Gillihan. Fall 2021.
A Comparison Analysis of Saved Snapchat Video Files on Androids vs iPhones by Angela Malley. Spring 2021.
The Development of Current Digital Forensics Policies and Federal Legislation by
Katherine Snyder. Spring 2021.
File Structure Analysis of TikTok Videos by
Ryan Turch. Spring 2021.
2020
Butt-Splice Detection on Audio Recordings with Lossy Compression by Austin Aeschliman. Fall 2020.
Analysis of Zero-Level Sample Padding of Vorbis and Opus Encoders for the .OGG File Container by Max Bothe. Fall 2020.
Source and Generational Analysis of Transmitted Video Files to an Apple iPhone by Brandon Epstein. Fall 2020.
Comparative Analysis of iPhone Image Data Across Various Transfer Methods by John Nelson. Fall 2020.
Comparative File Structure Analysis of Video Files Sent and Received via WhatsApp by Simon Victor. Fall 2020.
Authenticating iOS 12, 13, and 14 Videos Using Metadata and Hex Code by Andrew West. Fall 2020.
Analysis of Audio Recordings Made Using the Voice Recorder Application on Android Phones by Gina DeAngelis. Spring 2020.
A Comparison of Four Photogrammetry Methodologies in Determining Unknown Height of Persons by Seth Miller. Spring 2020.
File Structure Analysis of Media Files Sent and Received Over WhatsApp
by Henry Risemberg. Spring 2020.
2019
Characterizations of Low-Cut Filters in Handheld Digital Recorders Using Long-Term Average Sorted Spectrum Analysis by Dante Alexander Fazio. Fall 2019.
Analysis of Cell Phone Adaptive Noise Cancellation Filters by Sam Feist. Fall 2019.
Accuracy of Image GPS EXIF Data from Apple and Samsung Mobile Devices Compared to GPS Unit by Daniel Felix. Fall 2019.
Preliminary Study on Medium Format Cameras Comparison Via Photo Response Non-Uniformity by Edgar Fritz. Fall 2019
The Effects of Bandwidth Reduction on Cross-Correlation Computations in the Analyses of Recorded Gunshot Sounds by Douglas Scott Lacey. Fall 2019.
Analysis of Zero-Level Sample Padding of AAC and WMA Encoders by Jeremy Yancey. Fall 2019.
The “Denver Multimedia Database”: A Forensic Database for Digital Audio, Video, and Image Media by Craig Janson. Spring 2019.
Analysis of 360 Video Files Across Multiple Resolutions and Cameras by Nicholas Pelc. Spring 2019.
An Exploratory Study of Manual Pause-Record Events in Digital Audio Recordings by Shawn Pruett. Spring 2019.
Analyzing the Long Term Average Sorted Spectrum of Audio Uploaded
to YouTube by Andrew Rabbio. Spring 2019.
Proposed Framework for Digital Video Authentication by Gregory Wales. Spring 2019.
The Viability of Evidence Retrieved from Counterfeit and Unbranded Technology by Christopher Wheeler. Spring 2019.
2018
Digital Image Recompression Analysis: Sina Weibo by Holly Arai. Fall 2018.
Proposed Method for Recording and Analyzing Cell Phone Adaptive Noise Reduction Filters by Anthony Nelson. Fall 2018.
Digital Image Recompression Analysis: Twitter by Gretchel Lomboy. Spring 2018.
Digital Image Recompression Analysis of Instagram by Zachary Douglas. Spring 2018.
Analysis of Facebook's Video Encoders by Jacek Wolanin. Spring 2018.
2017
A Proposed Framework for Forensic Audio Enhancement by James Zjalic. Fall 2017.
Analysis of Audio Recording Made Using "Voice Memos" Application for iOS by Andrew Hill. Fall 2017.
YouTube: Recompression Effects by Cole Whitecotton. Fall 2017.
Analysis of Voice Activated Artifacts by Kelsey Black. Fall 2017.
A Forensic Analysis of Digital Image Characteristics Associated to Flicker® and Google Plus® by Melissa Lawson. Fall 2017.
Automated Color and Location Comparison as a Timestamp Recognition Method in Images by Jeremy Wegrzyn. Spring 2017.
A Framework for Performing Forensic and Investigatory Speaker Comparisons Using Automated Methods by David Marks. Spring 2017.
Proposed Analytical Framework for Electronically Frequency-Modified Voices by Eliud Bonilla. Spring 2017.
2016
Digital Image Recompression Analysis: Facebook by Megan Pippin. Fall 2016.
Effects of Clipping Distortion on an Automatic Speaker Recognition System by Jose Ramirez. Spring 2016.
Digital Image Manipulation Detection on Facebook Images by Charina Marrion. Spring 2016.
Automated Authentication of Exemplar Media in a Database by Brent Larsen. Spring 2016.
Digital Photography Analysis: Analytical Framework for Measuring the Effects of Saturation on Photo Response Non-Uniformity by Kris Henry. Spring 2016.
2015
A Proposed Framework for Forensic Image Enhancement by Spencer Ledesma. Fall 2015.
MPEG-4 Video Authentication Using File Structure and Metadataby Jake Hall. Fall 2015.
Analysis of Zero-Level Sample Padding of Various MP3 Codecs by Josh Berman. Fall 2015.
Compression Level Analysis: Examining Video Compression Levels from Commercial Software by Patrick Badgely. Fall 2015.
Text-Independent, Automatic Speaker Recognition System Evaluation with Males Speaking Both Arabic and English by Safi Alamri. Fall 2015.
Digital and Multimedia Forensics Justified: An Appraisal on Professional Policy and Legislation by Amy Popejoy. Spring 2015.
2014
Source Identification of High Definition Videos: A Forensic Analysis of Downloaders and YouTube Video Compression Using a Group of Action Cameras by Zac Giammarrusco. Fall 2014.
A Forensic Investigation of the Electrical Properties of Digital Audio Recording by Jack LeRoi. Spring 2014.
2013
A Method for Performance Verification of Freeware Hash Utilities Using MATLABby Sean Jacobson. Summer 2013.
Cell Phone Images in Social Media: An Analysis of Cellphone Image Structure Before and After Social Media Compression by Nicholas Ng. Summer 2013.
Analysis of DC Offset in iOS Devices for Use in Audio Forensic Examinations by Daniel Fuller. Spring 2013.
2012
Audio Gunshot Detection and Localizations Systems: History, Basic Design, and Future Possibilities by Jordan Graves. Fall 2012.
A Proposed Solution to the Issue of Proprietary DCCTV Video File Playback by Brian Prendergast. Spring 2012.
Establishing a Standard for Digital Audio Authenticity: A Critical Analysis of Tools, Methodologies, and Challenges by Daniel Rappaport. Spring 2012.
2011
Digital Image Analysis: Analytical Framework for Authenticating Digital Images by Scott Anderson. Fall 2011.
Quantifying the Effects of Lossy Digital Audio Compression Algorithms on Electric Network Frequency Signals in Forensic Analysis by Harrison Archer. Fall 2011.
An Investigative Approach to Configuring Forensic Electric Network Frequency Databases by Christopher Jenkins. Fall 2011.